Though we suspect that searchers who are not information specialists or librarians would have a higher possibility of less well-constructed searches and searches with lower recall, even highly trained searchers differ in their approaches to searching. Performance was measured using recall, precision, and number needed to read. Because these studies based on retrospective analysis of database coverage do not account for the searchers abilities, the actual findings from the searches performed, and the indexing for particular articles, their conclusions lack immediate translatability into practice. The search on substance abuse in pregnancy, not restricted to nursing literature, retrieved better results when searching both MEDLINE and EMBASE. Unique results from specialized databases that closely match systematic review topics, such as PsycINFO for reviews in the fields of behavioral sciences and mental health or CINAHL for reviews on the topics of nursing or allied health, indicate that specialized databases should be used additionally when appropriate. Using similar calculations, also shown in Table5, we estimated the probability that 100% of relevant references were retrieved is 23%. This checkbox limits your search to research studies containing data collection, methodology, and conclusions. ERIC for example serves as the most comprehensive source of information containing more than 500,000 documents and journal articles from all areas of education. The aim of our research is to determine the combination of databases needed for systematic review searches to provide efficient results (i.e., to minimize the burden for the investigators without reducing the validity of the research by missing relevant references). 0_!g3SR}W/galG/g)Wz37;467WfW_E\wf_Q"#H3)j\]'gr[ ~dFq @Xj7yfC pOYAnaKruN" VI$wkD F\+ Fd7[)g `xBI@Oj One explanation for our finding may be that if the research question is very specific, the topic of research might not always be mentioned in the title and/or abstract. Although we did not use these special topic databases in all of our reviews, given the low number of reviews where these databases added relevant references, and observing the special topics of those reviews, we suggest that these subject databases will only add value if the topic is related to the topic of the database. We copied from the MeSH tree the top MeSH term directly below the disease category or, in to case of the intervention, directly below the therapeutics MeSH term. All authors have approved the final manuscript. We are not implying that a combined search of the four recommended databases will never result in relevant references being missed, rather that failure to search any one of these four databases will likely lead to relevant references being missed. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. Of the five reviews that included only RCTs, four reached 100% recall if MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar combined were complemented with Cochrane CENTRAL. At Erasmus MC, search strategies for systematic reviews are often designed via a librarian-mediated search service. Some concluded that searching only one database can be sufficient as searching other databases has no effect on the outcome [16, 17]. McKibbon KA, Haynes RB, Dilks CJW, Ramsden MF, Ryan NC, Baker L, Flemming T, Fitzgerald D. How good are clinical MEDLINE searches? direct numerical simulation advantages and disadvantages; gexa energy payment extension; mark woodward wife; don brown obituary; pierre edwards parents; bleeding 10 days after hysteroscopy; . Objective: To review the literature on the benefits and disadvantages of clinical and medical audit, and to assess the main facilitators and barriers to conducting the audit process. To determine how searching multiple databases affected precision, we calculated for each combination the ratio between the original precision, observed when all databases were searched, and the precision calculated for different database combinations. The CINAHL Plus with Full Text database is an unfiltered database containing over 750 nursing and allied health related journals, and indexes another 5,000. 2005;51:8489. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Subject-specific databases such as CINAHL, PsycINFO, and SportDiscus only retrieved additional included references when the topic of the review was directly related to their special content, respectively nursing, psychiatry, and sports medicine. To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below: Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content? Bramer WM, Giustini D, Kramer BMR. Although we searched PubMed as supplied by publisher separately from MEDLINE in Ovid, we combined the included references of these databases into one measurement in our analysis. The complete results from all databases used for each of the systematic reviews were imported into a unique EndNote library upon search completion and saved without deduplication for this research. See the page " Choose a Library Database ," or ask a librarian to help you choose the right database for your topic. Lorenzetti DL, Topfer L-A, Dennett L, Clement F. Value of databases other than MEDLINE for rapid health technology assessments. P?p~p[pL A^!!.zIzTVw8fIrHtbyzb,FKp*^rU BL@BXFHZY+Ifn_R]4CrVt@Z93Pv}Nm,a`YMv'PN` 7"t YsaQ>+dpZhS++pRBb*0n%D,A\G-;rXHD6JK7%ME9,|<9 Identify resources at your library and in the collections of the worlds libraries. Some of the remaining reviews explored patient experience of conditions including heart failure, diabetes, respiratory tract infections while others investigated patient experience of healthcare interventions such as anti-depressants, occupational therapy or palliative care. 2016;5:39. This method of literature searching and a pragmatic evaluation thereof are published in separate journal articles [21, 22]. Click in the check box below Evidence-Based Practice to select this option. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. To our surprise, Cochrane CENTRAL did not identify any unique included studies that had not been retrieved by the other databases, not even for the five reviews focusing entirely on RCTs. We assessed the frequency at which databases and combinations would achieve varying levels of recall (i.e., 95%). However, Embase is only accessible via a paid subscription, which generally makes it challenging for review teams not affiliated with academic medical centers to access. A fast and easy research tool for nursing and allied health professionals with access to content coverage including over 50 nursing specialties, speech and language pathology, nutrition, general health and medicine and . Beyer FR, Wright K. Can we prioritise which databases to search? However, for one review of this domain, the recall was 82%. Disclaimer. The database itself is unfiltered, but includes many filtered items like systematic reviews. Systematic reviews of epidemiology in diabetes: finding the evidence. Most of the selected UK nursing journals have earlier start and entry dates in CINAHL than BNI. When the number of references from other databases was low, we expected the total number of potential relevant references to be low. We've already shown how to use this limiter for systematic reviews and case studies; other useful publication types for evidence-based practice include Clinical Trial and Meta Analysis. Our experience in this study shows that additional efforts, such as hand searching, reference checking, and contacting key players, should be made to retrieve extra possible includes. Kr Mo@h(fW"\x| Tu?g n=~?@(wg However, whether an article is present in a database may not translate to being found by a search in that database. Fifty-one of these journals are UK publications. 2 for the comparison of the recall of Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane CENTRAL per review for all identified domains. Fifty one of the 81 titles . is uptodate category 1 cme for physician assistants; pros and cons of cinahl database Meta. Are included references being missed because the review authors failed to search a certain database? ``6C~8 '* "r#=e ax A+ For a search related to nursing, . Wichor M. Bramer. Article Based on our findings, this combination achieves acceptable recall about half the time (47%). Investigators and information specialists searching for relevant references for a systematic review (SR) are generally advised to search multiple databases and to use additional methods to be able to adequately identify all literature related to the topic of interest [1,2,3,4,5,6]. McGowan J, Sampson M. Systematic reviews need systematic searchers. We are aware that the Cochrane Handbook [7] recommends more than only these databases, but further recommendations focus on regional and specialized databases. A total of 292 (17%) references were found by only one database. Using the results in this research, review teams can decide, based on their idea of acceptable recall and the desired probability which databases to include in their searches. Some reviewers might accept a potential loss of 5% of relevant references; others would want to pursue 100% recall, no matter what cost. PubMed does not. EMBASE versus MEDLINE for family medicine searches: can MEDLINE searches find the forest or a tree? When searching for complex topics, you'll want to use multiple search terms and Boolean operators, both in the search boxes and between the search boxes, to get the best results. MEDLINEprovides authoritative medical information on medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, the health care system, pre-clinical sciences, and much more. Imagine you are a patient with cancer and your doctor can't order your pain medication. The combination of Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar performed best, achieving an overall recall of 98.3 and 100% recall in 72% of systematic reviews. &Jl1/>nw\CCX=prz Dcr8UBW3L`Du8*r (+P/:SXQB^ PubMed What is considered acceptable recall for systematic review searches is open for debate and can differ between individuals and groups. This can be offset, as noted above, by going to the EBSCOhost (Health) package of databases. 3 for the legend of the plots in Figs. A systematic approach to searching: how to perform high quality literature searches more efficiently. The database combinations with the highest recall did not reduce the total number of results by large margins. We have not yet gathered enough data to be able to make a full comparison between Embase and Scopus. stream 2014;21:34354. Technical Problems Every computer system will have a breakdown. Google Scholar. Our conclusion that Web of Science and Google Scholar are needed for completeness has not been shared by previous research. When looking at the overall recall, the combination of Embase and MEDLINE and either Google Scholar or Web of Science could be regarded sufficient with 96% recall. 2019 Aug;21(4):853-878. doi: 10.1007/s10903-018-0816-4. Michaleff ZA, Costa LO, Moseley AM, Maher CG, Elkins MR, Herbert RD, Sherrington C. CENTRAL, PEDro, PubMed, and EMBASE are the most comprehensive databases indexing randomized controlled trials of physical therapy interventions. Note: With this limiter you will need to evaluate your results to determine what type of evidence each article contains. Bramer WM, Rethlefsen ML, Mast F, Kleijnen J. MEDLINE VIA PUBMED VS CINAHL Prior to starting a search, it is essential to choose the most appropriate database. The three databases were searched for citations on topics selected by three nurse researchers and the results were compared. l1FcqL@Bk>>T CAUTION Do not use Linked Full Text Limit. Searching multiple databases for systematic reviews: added value or diminishing returns? WB drafted the first manuscript, which was revised critically by the other authors. Hold down the Ctrl key to select multiple options. From: Complementary Therapies for Physical Therapy, 2008 View all Topics Add to Mendeley <>>> iOm3w]9`V>@X(xF$u,mA5US{^2w" `15p3SCzSM2w+! MeSH 'VI/:NAf] N1b v4Fl8KTs cinQ Lawrence DW. Most reviews did not limit to certain study designs, 9% limited to RCTs only, and another 9% limited to other study types. Registered in England & Wales No. In 23 reviews included in this research, Scopus was searched. Search Limits. The interventions were mostly from the chemicals and drugs category, or surgical procedures. J Med Libr Assoc. 11 reviews, where we were able to recheck all the databases used by the original review authors, had included a study that was uniquely identified from the CINAHL database. LearningExpress Library features nearly 1,000 online tutorials, practice tests, and eBooks to help patrons of all ages. Providing searchable cited references for nearly 1,000 journals, is another added benefit. f~C>j)Kx8t>qi0@fWT. Rethlefsen ML, Farrell AM, Osterhaus Trzasko LC, Brigham TJ. Terms and Conditions, Furthermore, it is time-consuming for reviewers who have to screen more, and likely irrelevant, titles and abstracts. Films Media Group is the leading source of high-quality video and multimedia for academic, vocational and life-skills content. Using that combination, 93% of the systematic reviews in our study obtained levels of recall that could be considered acceptable (>95%). Figure1 shows the percentages of reviews where a certain database combination led to a certain recall. Using data sources beyond PubMed has a modest impact on the results of systematic reviews of therapeutic interventions. Syst Rev. In 72% of studied systematic reviews, the combination of Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar retrieved all included references. Searching additional databases except PubMed are necessary for a systematic review. This is the world's largest full text psychology database offering full text coverage for nearly 400 journals. Eighty-one journals are uniquely indexed in BNI compared with all versions of CINAHL. Prior research on database importance for systematic reviews has looked primarily at whether included references could have theoretically been found in a certain database, but most have been unable to ascertain whether the researchers actually found the articles in those databases [10, 12, 16, 17, 26]. Health Inf Libr J. Because this is a novel finding, we cannot conclude whether it is due to our dataset or to a generalizable principle. 8600 Rockville Pike Documentaries on the full spectrum of diseases and disorders; titles on human anatomy and physiology; investigations into public health issues; programming on nutrition and wellness; instructional films on health care and treatment; primers on. Aagaard T, Lund H, Juhl C. Optimizing literature search in systematic reviewsare MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL enough for identifying effect studies within the area of musculoskeletal disorders? disadvantages of cinahl database. Explain how resolving your EBP Project issue will improve . Many of the reviews were initiated by members of the departments of surgery and epidemiology. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help For the search of nursing care literature on a medical condition, it was helpful to search both CINAHL and MEDLINE. 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